Results: There were no significant differences between anthropometric data including body mass index and waist to hip ratio in placebo and treatment groups. There was no significant difference in FBS, Serum TG concentration total cholesterol and LDL-C levels between placebo and treatment groups. HDL-C levels were slightly elevated Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical after probiotic treatment, which were not statistically significant. Insulin, MDA and IL-6 levels were reduced and high sensitive CRP hs.CRP levels were elevated, although, not statistically significant. Conclusion: The result of this study indicates a non- significant declining trend in the level

of TG, MDA and IL-6 and insulin resistance after consumption of probiotics. Key Words: Probiotic, Diabetes, Insulin resistance, CRP Introduction Diabetes is a metabolic disease that leads to high blood sugar due to either insulin insufficiency, insulin resistance or both.1 According Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical to the World Health Organization at least 171 million people (2.8% of the world population) suffered from diabetes in year 2000.1 This number will almost double by year 2030.1 It is expected that more than 70% of total diabetic patients in the world will be from developing countries by year 2030.2 The prevalence of

type 2 diabetes in Iran ranges from Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical 1.3% to 14.5% which will increase as the population ages in both males (10.6%) and females (11.3%).2 Vascular diseases are one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients.3 Although, there is positive relation

between insulin resistance and vascular disease,4 the exact mechanisms by which diabetes leads to arthrosclerosis is not well- understood. Numerous studies have Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical documented a role for inflammation in atherosclerosis.5 C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) the two most sensitive markers of inflammation have been elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes.6 In addition, high CRP level is Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical shown to be a risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes, which may be atherogenic.7 Hyperglycemia is also consistently associated with increased Pictilisib cost Oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a component of cellular damage and has an important role in the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases including atherosclerosis. Mechanisms that contribute unless to increased oxidative stress in diabetes may include not only increased non-enzymatic glycosylation and auto-oxidative glycosylation but also to decreasing antioxidant defence potential.8 FAO/WHO, define probiotics as live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host.9 Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and bifidobacteria are the most common types of microbes used as probiotics. Animal studies showed that Lactobacillus GG treatment not only reduces glucose intolerance but also significantly decrease hyperglycemia in streptozotocin induced diabetes rats.