6 Another main issue in the context of sarcopenia is weight management and body mass index (BMI). As more attention is given to the prevention of obesity, older people already at risk of sarcopenia may attempt to lose weight when weight stability is more important to them. Older people with BMI within what is considered an ideal range for younger individuals may be at nutritional risk and at risk of sarcopenia.7 Weight loss attempts in

Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical older adults may lead to caloric insufficiency that can accelerate the progression of sarcopenia.12 On the other hand, the issue of sarcopenic obesity must also be taken into consideration. Excess caloric intake that results Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical in obesity may also accelerate sarcopenia.12 Obesity is a BMI equal or greater than 30 kg/m2.29 Sarcopenic obesity is an alternate model of obesity characterized by loss of muscle mass and increased

fat mass.30 Obese older adults have higher muscle mass than non-obese; however, it was suggested that muscle quality in obese individuals is poor due to increased intramuscular adipose tissue, leading to muscle weakness, frailty, and disability.12 In sarcopenic obese individuals, weight loss may be necessary Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical but should be achieved in a way that preserves lean tissue.7 This may be achievable through inclusion of an exercise program focusing on resistance training which will Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical be discussed later. Also, during calorie-restricted diets increased protein intake is important to maintain muscle mass especially in sarcopenic obesity.30 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AT9283 concentration SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE, AND SARCOPENIA Physical activity is defined as any movement produced by the contraction of skeletal Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical muscles that increases energy expenditure. Physical

activity includes daily activities such as standing up from a chair and climbing stairs, as well as intentional movements for health benefits such as walking or biking.31 Persons performing only baseline physical activities such as standing, walking slowly, and lifting light objects are considered inactive. Physical activities added to these baseline activities produce Phosphoprotein phosphatase substantial health benefits.31 Exercise is planned, structured, and repetitive physical activity performed during leisure time for the purpose of maintaining or improving the components of physical fitness, functioning, and health.31 Older adults who are less physically active are more likely to have lower skeletal muscle mass and strength and are at increased risk of developing sarcopenia.3 Sedentary behavior refers to activities that do not substantially increase energy expenditure above the resting level. It includes sleeping, sitting, lying down, and watching television.32 Sedentary lifestyle has been shown to be a major risk factor for chronic disease, frailty, and sarcopenia as well.