The results showed that Al treatment did not affect B content of roots (B content of Al-treated and non-treated plants were identical), while B treatment, particularly in higher concentrations, decreased Al content of roots compared with the control plants. In addition, the highest B concentration prevented the inhibitory effect of Al on the root length of plants. High concentrations of B also resulted in the decrease
PF-562271 chemical structure of enzyme activities involved in phenolic compounds (i.e., phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase), decrease of lignin content and wall-bound phenols under Al stress, thereby ameliorating Al toxicity. The results suggest that the requirement of flax plants for B under Al stress conditions is higher than that required for growth in normal conditions without Al. (C) 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.”
“Background:
Viruses are the most common causes of respiratory tract infections in children. The implementation of rapid virology assays can identify the most common pathogens involved. This study was undertaken on Iranian children less than 6 years old with respiratory infection.
Methods: A total of 202 specimens were tested for the presence of 9 respiratory viruses by developing 3 multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and 1 uniplex polymerase chain reaction assays.
Results: Viral pathogens were detected in 92 samples (45.5%) with 5.4% having dual infections. Overall, respiratory syncytial virus was the most frequently identified virus (16.8%), followed by adenovirus (14.4%), influenza selleckchem A virus (4.9%), parainfluenza virus-3 (4.4%), parainfluenza virus-1 (2.9%), and both influenza B virus and hMPV (0.49).
Conclusions: Respiratory tract infection is a frequent cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality and a common
reason for admission in acute care hospitals and outpatients STA-9090 chemical structure visits. Appropriate diagnostic testing is important for specific diagnosis at an early stage of the illness because of the similarity in clinical presentation of patients with different viral infections caused by several respiratory pathogens.”
“Interplay of discharge and gas flow in the atmospheric pressure plasma jets generated with three different discharge modes [N. Jiang, A. L. Ji, and Z. X. Cao, J. Appl. Phys. 106, 013308 (2009); N. Jiang, A. L. Ji, and Z. X. Cao, J. Appl. Phys. 108, 033302 (2010)] has been investigated by simultaneous photographing of both plasma plumes and gas flows in the ambient, with the former being visualized by using an optical schlieren system. Gas flow gains a forward momentum from discharge except for the case of overflow jets at smaller applied voltages. Larger applied voltage implies an elongated plasma jet only for single-electrode mode; for dielectric barrier discharge jet the plume length maximizes at a properly applied voltage.