By using T-1 = 500 ms as single threshold for all dGEMRIC T-1 map

By using T-1 = 500 ms as single threshold for all dGEMRIC T-1 maps, these values became 47%, 58% and 55%, whereas they were 47%, 79% and 70% for morphologic evaluation.

Conclusions: Standardized dGEMRIC can increase the sensitivity in detecting abnormal cartilage in FAI and has the potential to improve

the clinical interpretation of dGEMRIC measurements LDK378 in FAI, by removing the effect of inter- and intra-patient T-1 variability. (C) 2012 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Purpose of review

A review of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF), a severe disorder described in patients with renal disease, appears as timely as the pathogenic role of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GdBCAs) has now been convincingly demonstrated, leading to preventive guidelines.

Recent findings

The INCB024360 supplier link between NSF and gadolinium (Gd) exposure has been reinforced by the identification of Gd in the skin of patients who denied having been exposed to GdBCA and nevertheless

developed the disease, suggesting that the few cases reported in the absence of Gd exposure could be explained by recall bias. Experimental studies have shown that repeated infusions of gadodiamide to rats reproduced the disease. Exposure of monocyte cultures to Gd led to secretion of numerous cytokines and growth factors which could induce fibrosis. Recent studies confirmed the association with infusion of the less stable linear GdBCAs, especially gadodiamide, and the role of high dosing of GdBCA, as performed in magnetic resonance angiography. Differences in the choice of GdBCA and angiography technique might explain wide reporting variations across centres.

Summary

NSF appears as a iatrogenic disease linked to the infusion of GdBCA. Its incidence can be reduced by avoiding exposure of patients with stages 4 and 5 chronic kidney disease to GdBCA.”
“Objective: The high tibial

osteotomy (HTO) is an effective strategy for treatment of painful medial compartment knee osteoarthritis. Effects on cartilage quality are largely unknown. Delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) enables non-invasive assessment of cartilage see more glycosaminoglycan content. This study aimed to evaluate if dGEMRIC could detect relevant changes in cartilage glycosaminoglycan content following HTO.

Design: Ten patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis underwent a dGEMRIC scan prior to HTO, and after bone healing and subsequent hardware removal. A dGEMRIC index (T1Gd) was used for changes in cartilage glycosaminoglycan content, a high T1Gd indicating a high glycosaminoglycan content and vice versa. Radiographic analysis included mechanical axis and tibial slope measurement.

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