The1,2 and1,2 linked mannose residues. The addition of the1,2 linked mannose residue and1,2 linked mannose residue to a chemical library screening non reducing terminal mannose residue caused a downfield shift of the latter signal and, respectively. In this study, we identified the other additivity rule. As shown in Figs 2C and D, the addition of an1,3 linked mannose residue to a non reducing terminal mannose residue caused a shift in the latter signal from cross peak 2 to 3. The two H 1chemical shifts of the phosphodiesterified mannose residues, 5.457 ppm and 5.432 ppm, which correspond to the unsubstituted and the 3 O substituted mannose residues, respectively, are in close proximity to each other. However, the H 2 chemical shifts are well separated and, therefore, easy to distinguish the difference in the structure from cross peaks 2 and 3. In a preceding paper, the presence of long side chains, Man 2Man 2Man 6Man 2Man 2Man and Man 3Man 2Man 2Man 6Man 2Man 2Man, in the mannan of C. glabrata has been reported. However, we confirmed the absence of these side chains in the mannans of these three C. glabrata strains. Instead, we obtained other long oligosaccharides which contain the1,6 linked mannose residues that originated from the backbone moiety of the mannans. The 2,3 mannosidase treatment of the1,6 linkage containing pentaose and hexaose obtained from the mannans of C. glabrata NBRC 0622 and S. cerevisiae X2180 1A strains, respectively, produced only the1,6 linked mannobiose and mannose. On the other hand, the1,6 linkage containing pentaose obtained from the mannan of the C. glabrata NBRC 103857 strain gave both the1,2 and1,6 linkage containing tetraoses. These results also support the above finding that the longest side chains of the mannans are tetraose for the NBRC 0005 and NBRC 0622 strains and triose for the NBRC 103857 strain.
This result indicates that the acetolysis under mild conditions retains a part of the1,6 linkages as reported in the preceding studies, in which we detected1,6 branched side chain oligosaccharides from the acetolyzate of the mannans from S. kluyveri, C. albicans, and C. guilliermondii. C. glabrata is of special importance not only because of a recent increase in its frequency, but also because of its innately reduced susceptibility to antifungal agents, especially azoles. Unexpectedly, however, the NBRC 103857 strain showed a significant sensitivity comparedto the other two strains. We are going to study the correlation among the clades of the C. glabrata clinically isolated strains, the cell wall mannan structures and the susceptibility to antifungal agents. Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies around the world. The mainstays of treatment for advanced prostate cancers remains the buy Pimecrolimus removal of androgens, known as androgen ablation. Unfortunately, for reasons not completely understood, essentially all patients become hormone refractory, a condition known as castration resistant prostate cancer, with no means to cure. This condition ultimately leads to death usually at a median of 2 years after its development. Thus, protein kinase targeted therapy that have the ability to slow down disease progression at the end stage of castration resistant clinica.