Fifty days of camera trapping in each of five study zones collapsed into two trapping blocks, resulted in a sampling effort of 4050 trap days. Camera trapping yielded 17 tiger photos (14 left flanked and 3 right flanked) and 48 leopard
photos (25 left flanked and 23 right flanked). Using photos of these left flank, the closed heterogeneous Jackknife Model M(h) was the best fit for the capture history data. A capture probability ((P) over cap) of 0.04 was obtained for both tigers and leopards, thus generating population size (N) of 8 tigers (SE = 2.12) and 16 leopards (SE = 2.91) with densities of 0.52 tiger 100 km(-2) and 1.04 leopard 100 km(-2). Photographic evidence indicated that tigers and leopards did not overlap in their spatial use of space. Tigers preferred less disturbed areas located further away from settlements, buy KPT-8602 while leopards appeared to be more resilient to disturbances in so far as they were found nearer to
human settlements. Camera trapping using a capture-recapture framework was an effective tool for assessing population sizes for tiger and leopard in low density areas such as Bhutan. (C) 2008 LY333531 supplier Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Background: Myocardial bridging (MB) is the most common congenital coronary anomaly. However, the functional relevance of MB is not well understood.
Methods: Eighteen patients with lone MB were consecutively enrolled. Fractional flow reserve (FFR) was measured before and after dobutamine infusion. Diastolic FFR was calculated by offline analysis. Cutoff values for functional significance of FFR and diastolic FFR were Selleckchem GSK1838705A 0.75 and 0.76, respectively.
Results: Baseline systolic percent diameter stenosis and lesion length of MB were 70 +/- 16% and 24 +/- 7 mm. FFR and diastolic FFR were 0.92 +/- 0.05 and 0.89 +/- 0.07 at maximal hyperemia induced by adenosine, respectively (P = 0.006). Despite the angiographic stenosis, only 1 lesion was functionally
significant. After dobutamine infusion, percent diameter stenosis (84 +/- 11%, P = 0.002) and lesion length (26 +/- 6 mm, P = 0.019) were aggravated and diastolic FFR was lowered (0.84 +/- 0.10, P = 0.006). Two additional lesions became functionally significant after dobutamine infusion. Angiographic percent diameter stenosis at diastole was correlated with dobutamine diastolic FFR (R = -0.58, P = 0.04), but stenosis at systole was not. During median follow-up of 54 months, 2 patients underwent target-lesion revascularization.
Conclusions: Dobutamine increased the morphologic and functional severity of MB. Dobutamine-FFR seems to be helpful in the functional assessment of MB.