Further differences are lanceolate ostiolar cells and more or less monomorphic ascospores in H. pulvinata. In culture the apple-like odour and the large phialides are characteristic for H. protopulvinata. Earlier authors (Doi 1972; Overton et al. 2006a) reported considerably smaller phialides. However, a re-examination of the ex-type strain CBS 739.83 on PDA revealed phialides (13–)32–55(–67) × (4–)5–6(–7) μm (n = 30). See also the website www.​asturnatura.​com for a good illustration of H. protopulvinata. Hypocrea pulvinata Fuckel, Jahrb. Nassau. Ver. Naturk.

23–24: 185 (1870 [‘1869’]). Fig. 67 Fig. 67 a–v. Teleomorph of Hypocrea pulvinata. a–f. Fresh stromata (a. habit on Piptoporus betulinus; e. on PDA; f. surface). g–k. Dry selleck stromata (j. with spore deposits; k. white and yellow spore

deposits). l. Ostiole in section showing periphyses and apical marginal cells). m. Marginal cells at ostiolar apex. n. Hairs on stroma surface. o. Stroma in 3% KOH. p. Perithecium in section. q. Stroma surface in face view. r. Cortical and subcortical tissue in section. s. Subperithecial tissue in section. t–v. Asci with ascospores (v. in cotton blue/lactic acid). w. Hypocrea americana. Asci with ascospores. a, g, m, Luminespib n, q. WU 29423. b, k. WU 29435. c, f, t, u. WU 29440. d. WU 29434. e, j, l, p, r, s, v. WU 29425. h, i. WU 29430. o. WU 29441. w. WU 29540. Scale bars a = 10 mm. b, f = 0.15 mm. c, g, i–k, o = 0.5 mm. d, e, h = 0.9 mm. l–n, q, t–v = 10 μm. p, r, s = 25 μm. w = 5 μm = Hypocrea citrina * fungicola P. Karst., Mycol. Fenn. 2: 204 (1873). ≡ Hypocrea karsteniana Niessl in Rehm. Ascomyceten, Hedwigia 22: 53 ([Apr.] 1883). ≡ Hypocrea fungicola (P. Karst.) Sacc., Syll. Fung. 2: 528 ([13 June] 1883a). ≡ Protocrea fungicola (P. Karst) Lar.N. Vassiljeva, NizshieRasteniya, Griby i Mokhoo-braznye Dal’nego Vostoka

Rossii, Griby. Tom 4. Pirenomitsety i Lokuloaskomitsety (Sankt-Petersburg): 162 (1998). = Hypocrea colliculosa Fr., in Cooke, Grevillea 12: 79 (1884). = Hypocrea citrina (Fr.) DOCK10 Fr. var. citrina sensu Canham, Mycologia 61: 318 (1969). Anamorph: Trichoderma sp. [sect. Hypocreanum]. Fig. 68 Fig. 68 Cultures and anamorph of Hypocrea pulvinata. a–c. Cultures (a. on CMD, 7 days. b. on PDA, 14 days. c. on SNA, 14 days). d. Conidiation tuft (SNA, 15 days). e. Simple conidiophores on growth plate (CMD, 8 days). f. Simple conidiophores submerged in agar (CMD, 14 days). g–k, n. Conidiophores and phialides (PDA, 4–5 days). l, m. Chlamydospores (CMD, 30°C, 30 days). o, p. Conidia (PDA, 5 days). a–k, n–p. At 25°C. a–d, f–p. CBS 121279. e. C.P.K. 1991. Scale bars a–c = 15 mm. d = 0.3 mm. e, h = 30 μm. f, g, i, k = 20 μm. j, l, n = 10 μm. m, o, p = 7 μm Stromata when fresh 1–150 × 0.5–130 mm, 0.5–2 mm thick, solitary, gregarious or densely aggregated, small and pulvinate or large and broadly pulvinate or effuse; outline roundish, elongate or irregular. Surface smooth, slightly velutinous; ostiolar dots minute, plane, (olive-)brown, pale and diffuse when young.