It can be stated that the use of nanofiltration is a valid approach for the concentration of biologically active compounds in aqueous extract of mate.

The results showed that there was a significant increase in the contents of total phenolics, chlorogenic acid, methylxanthines, chlorophyll, and saponins, all of which are compounds that may have an important role in maintaining good health. Moreover, the mate extract and the concentrated mate extract showed differences in the survival rates of the S. cerevisiae yeast treated with hydrogen peroxide. Cilengitide research buy The authors are thankful to Jozeane Caldartt and Anselmo Zanelatto, for helping with the selection of the samples, and to the FINEP (Agency for Financing Research and Projects, Brazil) and the SEBRAE (Agency for Support to Small and Micro Companies, Brazil), for their financial support Akt inhibitor through the Projeto

Ervanova, and also to Dr. R. C. Von Borstel (Genetics Department, Alberta University, Canada) for kindly providing the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain XV185-14c (MATα, ade2-2, arg4-17, his1-7, lys1-1, trp5-48, hom3-10). “
“The publisher regrets that incorrect units appeared in Table 4 of this published article, where the unit μg/L was changed to mg/L during typesetting. The correct table appears below, and the publisher would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. “
“Rutin, also called rutoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside and sophorin, is a flavonoid glycoside consisting of the aglycone form, quercetin bound at the C-3 position (on ring C) to a disaccharide molecule, Smoothened rutinose (C12H22O10), which is composed of one molecule of rhamnose and one of glucose (Aherne & O’Brien, 2002). Rutin is found in the fruit of fava d’anta tree (Dimorphandra mollis) native to the Cerrado vegetation of Brazil, fruit rinds (especially citrus fruits, such as orange, grapefruit, lemon and lime) and berries such as mulberry, ash tree fruits and cranberries. It has been reported that rutin has several pharmacological functions such as antioxidant ( Boyle et al., 2000), cytoprotective

( Potapovich & Kostyuk, 2003), vasoprotective ( Tang et al., 2011), antiproliferative ( Santos et al., 2011), antithrombotic ( Sheu, Hsiao, Chou, Shen, & Chou, 2004) and cardioprotective activities ( Ziaee, Zamansoltani, Nassiri-Asl, & Abbasi, 2009). Quercetin is also an important dietary flavonoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties ( Nijveldt et al., 2001) in addition to being an effective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase ( Day, Bao, Morgan, & Williamson, 2000). Xanthine oxidase catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid, generating superoxide radicals, which are involved in many pathological processes such as inflammation, atherosclerosis, cancer, and aging ( Paravicin & Touyz, 2008).