The fungicidal/fungistatic natures of the extracts were determined as described by Thompson.9 The inhibited fungal discs from the extract treated dishes were sub-cultured in a fresh medium, and revival of their growth indicated fungistatic effect, while absence of any growth indicated fungicidal effect. Experimental Animals In this study, 72 Swiss albino mice (36 males and 36 females; 7–8 weeks old; 20–) and 50 Wistar albino

rats (25 males and 25 females; Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical 6–8 weeks old; 120–) were used. They were bred in the animal house of the Department of Biochemistry, University of Dschang, Cameroon. The animals were housed two or three per cage in elevated wire mesh cages, and were provided with standard animal food, grower’s mash (Grand Cereals LTD, Jos-Nigeria) and water ad libitum. Acute Toxicity Study This study Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical was carried out on Swiss albino mice (males and females) as described by Emerson and co-workers.10 A total of 72 mice, 6-8 weeks old were used. The mice of each sex were divided

into 6 subgroups of 6 animals each. Stock solution of crude extract (0.8 g/ml) was prepared using 1% aqueous solution of DMSO. Mice in subgroup 1 (control) Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical were given (oral gavage) 1% aqueous solution of DMSO (1 ml per BW) while those of subgroups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were administrated 2, 8, 16, 24

and 28 g/kg BW of crude extract, respectively. All the animals were fasted for 18 hours prior to the extract administration. After a single dose administration, Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical the animals were observed for the first 3 hours for behavioral changes.11 Deaths were counted Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical for the first 48 hours. The survived mice were closely observed for two weeks, and were monitored daily for behavioral changes, signs of toxicity and the latency of death. The KPT-330 in vivo median lethal dose (LD50) was determined by calculation.12 Sub-Acute Toxicity Study Fifty Wistar albino rats (25 males and 25 females) were used. Animals of each sex were divided into 5 subgroups of 5 animals each. They were kept under the same conditions as described above. Adenylyl cyclase Rats in subgroup 1 (control) were given daily administration of 1% DMSO (1.5 ml per BW) by oral gavage, while those of subgroups 2, 3, 4 and 5 were given 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg BW of the crude extract, respectively for four weeks. All animals were provided with food and water ad libitum. They were then observed for physiological and behavioral changes. Body Weight Trend The body weight of each rat was determined during the acclimatization period, once before the commencement of vehicle or extract administration, once every day during the administration period, and once on the day of the sacrifice.