This study determined effects of calcium and milk supplementation on maternal bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover in pregnant Chinese women with habitual low calcium

intake.

In this randomized controlled trial, 36 Chinese pregnant women (24-31 years, 18 gestational weeks) were randomly assigned to the following three arms (12 each): I, usual diet; II, “”I”" + 45 g milk powder (containing 350 mg calcium); or III, “”II”" + 600 mg calcium/day from gestational age of 20 weeks to 6 weeks post-partum (PP). BMD was measured post-treatment using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Dietary intakes, 24-h urinary calcium, bone resorption (urinary hydroxyproline) and formation (serum osteocalcin) biomarkers were examined at the gestational age of 20 and 34 weeks, and 6 weeks PP.

A dose-dependent relationship was observed between calcium intake and BMDs. The BMD values were significantly

higher in subjects IWR-1-endo in vitro with calcium and milk supplementation than those in the controls at the whole body and spine (p < 0.05) but not at the hip sites. We found significant decreases in changes of urinary hydroxyproline, and significant increases in serum osteocalcin during the intervention period in click here the calcium/milk intervention groups than those in the control group (all p < 0.05).

Calcium/milk supplementation during pregnancy is associated with greater BMD at the spine and whole body and suppresses bone resorption in Chinese women with habitual low calcium intake.”
“The recent use of aramid fibers in geotextiles for ground reinforcement raises

fundamental durability issues, in particular in alkaline soils where they are subjected to hydrolysis. To study the degradation mechanisms in such an environment, accelerated aging at pH 9 and at pH 11 has been carried out for up to one and a half years. This work describes the morphological evolutions that occur and the morphology-properties relationship during aging in moderately alkaline environments. The decreases in apparent density are larger at pH 9 than at pH 11, whereas the bulk chemical degradation is more extensive at pH 11 than at pH 9. Scanning selleck compound electron microscopy micrographs of chemically etched fibers and the measurements of the local elastic modulus by nanoindentation support these results. Finally, this study has indicated an inverse correlation between the porosity level and the tensile strength. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012″
“Clinical, biochemical and genetic analysis related to bone mineral density (BMD) were carried out in children born small for gestational age (SGA) that failed to achieve postnatal catch-up growth (CUG), SGA children that completed CUG and adequate for gestational age (AGA) children. Serum IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF binding protein-3 and acid-labile subunit were lower in the SGA-CUG children as compared with the other groups. Frequencies of polymorphic variants of vitamin D receptor, estrogen receptor and collagen genes were similar among groups.