Inset: ratio between the contrasts for the two gold layer BVD-523 thicknesses considered. (c) Optical contrast in reflection mode as a function of mica thickness for three representative wave lengths, 475 nm (blue lines), 550 nm (green lines), and 650 nm (red lines), 3-deazaneplanocin A clinical trial and two gold layer thickness,

20 nm (continuous lines) and 300 nm (dashed lines). (d) Evolution of the mica color (lines) as a function of its thickness in the xy chromatographic space for the case of semitransparent (black line) and opaque (red line) gold substrates. (1) where (2) with (3) and (4) Here, λ is the wavelength of light, and d 2 and d 3 are the thicknesses of the mica and gold layers, respectively. For simplicity, the glass substrate is assumed to be infinitely thick. Moreover, ñ j  = n j  − ik j is the complex index of refraction of material j (where we use j = 1 for air, j = 2 for mica, j = 3 for gold, and j = 4 for glass) with n being the real part

(index of refraction) and k the imaginary part (extinction coefficient). We have taken ñ 1 = 1 + i0 for air, ñ 2 = 1.55 + i0 for mica [2], ñ 3(λ) = n(λ) − ik(λ) for gold with tabulated values taken from [6], and ñ 4 = 1.52 + i0 for glass. From the reflectance, we can define the optical contrast as: Bafilomycin A1 in vitro (5) In Equations 1 to 5, we have considered a non-null transmission of the gold layer in order to include the case of semitransparent gold. Figure  1a shows the reflectance spectra for the gold substrate and the mica flakes obtained from Equations 1 to 4. We

have considered two representative thicknesses for the gold layer, that is, 20 nm (continuous lines) and 300 nm (dashed lines), and different mica thicknesses, namely 0 nm (black lines, bare gold), 10 nm (red lines), 30 nm Phosphoprotein phosphatase (blue lines), and 50 nm (green lines). The gold thickness of 20 nm represents a semitransparent layer, enabling some light transmission, while the 300-nm-thick gold represents an opaque layer (no light transmission). By comparing the black lines (gold substrate) with the colored lines (mica flakes of different thickness), we observe that the presence of thin mica flakes can significantly modify the reflectivity of the gold substrates and that the reflectance varies as a function of the mica thickness. This means that the presence of mica sheets, and their thickness, should be measurable by reflection optical microscopy directly on gold substrates. The precision of the thickness measurement depends on the thickness of the gold layer and on the wavelength range.