This review evaluates the GW786034 order critical role of FDG-PET in (i) diagnosis, (ii) preoperative staging, (iii) monitoring of response to neoadjuvant therapy, (iv) assessment of recurrence and (v) prediction of prognosis of esophageal

cancer. We have also compared diagnostic performance of FDG-PET and other current technologies such as computed tomography scan and endoscopic ultrasonography based on available evidence. Nucl Med Commun 30:95-116 (C) 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.”
“The Smart Cut (TM) process technology was originally developed to manufacture silicon on insulator wafers (SOI). The process is based on ion implantation (hydrogen, helium, see more argon, etc.) and wafer bonding and allows single crystal layers transferred onto substrates. This generic process is suited for creating advanced or composite engineered wafers, combining different thin layer materials on a given substrate in order to address requirements of many diverse applications. This article is first focused on hydrogen ion implantation impacts and on mechanisms enabling splitting for silicon layer transfer. Using transmission electron microscopy,

infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, the formation and evolution of extended defects formed in Si has been studied, from the as-implanted state to the splitting. Mechanism for platelet growth by Ostwald ripening, diffusion of atomic hydrogen to molecular hydrogen in the microcavities and mechanic effects (stress, gas pressure) leading to microcavity GS-9973 chemical structure expansion, microcrack propagation and splitting are detailed in the specific case of

thermal annealing. Splitting kinetics and mechanisms are deduced. Then window on other natures of implanted ions is opened and described for co-implantation for instance. Advantages of such as (H, He) co-implantation are highlighted as it allows high crystal quality of transferred layer and fast splitting kinetics. Finally, diverse applications are described to illustrate the versatility of the Smart Cut (TM), process with other materials than silicon. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Background: Web-based self-help programs that reduce problematic substance use are able to reach hidden consumer groups in the general population. These programs are characterized by their low treatment threshold and nonrestrictive intervention settings. They are also cost effective, making them of interest to both low-income and high-income industrialized countries with ever-increasing health costs.\n\nObjective: To test the feasibility and effectiveness of an anonymous, fully automated, Web-based self-help intervention as an alternative to outpatient treatment services for cocaine users.