Before running the regression analysis, categorical variables were created for education attainment and employment. MET-min scores of LTPA and LTW were selected to be the outcome variables. A series of multi-level regression analyses were performed in order to understand the individual- Selleck LY2109761 and neighborhood-level correlates associated with physical activity within this hierarchical data structure. A two-step modeling procedure was used. Running the empty model (Step 1) examined if differences in physical activity were random or fixed across neighborhoods. The neighborhood-level variance term from Step 1 was

used to calculate the intra-class correlation (ICC) for the outcomes, where the ICC represents the proportion of the total variance in physical activity that is due to differences across neighborhoods. In Step 2, a multi-level model was developed to simultaneously examine how R428 nmr the individual- (perceived built environment) and the neighborhood-level (objectively assessed built environment) characteristics were associated

with leisure-time physical activity (Final Model). Income variable was not included in the multi-level regression analysis due to nearly one third missing. A two-tailed P value of < 0.05 was considered to be significant. The PASW version 18.0.0 (IBM Corporation, Somers, NY, USA) was used for data analysis. Data was analyzed in May 2013. The demographic, anthropometric, SES, and physical activity information of 1343 ADP ribosylation factor participants are shown in Table 1. Among all participants, 54.5% were women, who had lower BMI than men. For SES indices, men had a higher level of educational attainment and lower proportion of unemployment (due to different legal retirement age) than women. Income and living space were not significantly different between genders. No difference of LTPA and total physical activity was observed between men and women. Percentage of physically inactive

was 21.2% for men and 17.2% for women, respectively. As shown in Table 2, one-way ANOVA demonstrated statistically significant differences in perceived scores on environmental variables (individual-level) among three functional units. Perceived scores of type III units were significantly lower than the other two units for most of the environmental attributes (except for residential density, and access to physical activity destinations). Compared with Type II units, residents in type I units perceived higher scores on access to commercial destinations and street connectivity, and lower scores on residential density, sidewalk and bike lane quality, and safety from crime. Scores on various neighborhood-level built environment correlates also showed statistically significant differences among the three functional units. Similarly as residents’ perceptions, audit scores of type III units were lower than the other two units.